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In this post, we will learn about the important urinary system abbreviations. As a medical transcription learner, you should all be familiar with these abbreviations, as physicians often use these words while they dictate live files in companies when you involve in medical transcription job online live. So be careful to study these words and their meanings and also familiarize with them. 1. ARF-Acute Renal Failure 2. ADH-Antidiuretic Hormone (also known as vasopressor) 3. BUN-Blood Urea Nitrogen 4. CAPD-Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis 5. Cath.,-catheterization 6. Cl-chloride 7. CRF-Chronic Renal Failure 8. Cysto-Cystoscopic examination 9. ESRD-End-stage Renal Failure 10. ESWL-Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy 11. HCO3-Bicarbonate (an electrolyte) 12. HD-Hemodialysis 13. IVP-Intravenous Pyelogram 14. K+-Potassium (an electrolyte) 15. KUB-Kidney Ureter and Bladder 16. Na+-Sodium (an electrolyte) 17. pH-Symbol of value or urine acidity or

MRI or magnetic resonance imaging: The images of the retroperitoneal and pelvic regions of a patient is taken by lying the patient in a cylindrical MRI appliance. Protons are the kind of images taken by this machine when the internal organs moving. The images can be taken in all the three planes of the body such as sagittal, transverse, and frontal. 9. Ultrasonography: Sound waves are used to find the abnormalities in the kidneys such as tumors, size of the kidneys, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidneys or any obstructions can be found out using this. 10. Dialysis: Waste materials are filtered out using a machine when the kidney are no more working. Dialysis are of two types. They are of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis is a filtering of the patient's blood by sending the waste material filled blood into a dialysis machine and filtered out and then the blood is send back to the patient's body. Peritoneal dialysis is done by using a peritoneal catheter by intr

1. CT scan: This is a visual examination to find out cysts, hydronephrosis, tumors, or any abscesses in the kidneys. This can be done with a contrast material injected into the kidney or without any contrast material. 2. KUB or kidney, ureter, and bladder: This is an x-ray study done to measure the size of the kidneys and also to find out the exact position setting of the kidneys in relation to other organs in the abdominopelvic regions. 3. IVP or intravenous pyelogram: Another name of this test is excretory urogram or IVP tomography. This test is done to find out the tumors, infections, cysts, renal stones, or hydronephrosis in the kidneys. This visual examination is done by injecting a contrast material in a vein that goes directly to any kidney. The contrast material then filtered out in the urine by the kidney. Films are taken following the travelling of the contrast material through the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra and the abnormalities are found out. 4. Re

There are two type blood lab tests to analyze the kidney function. They are of BUN or blood urea nitrogen and creatinine clearance test. We will see one by one now. 1. BUN or blood urea nitrogen: BUN determines the total urea content in the blood. If the kidneys fails to excrete urea from blood due to any disease conditions, then urea accumulates in the blood and so uremia occurs. This is a serious condition. One may even attain coma or even die. In normal conditions the urea level in the blood is low due to be excreted by the kidneys. 2. Creatinine clearance test: The efficiency of the kidneys of how they eliminate creatinine from the blood is proved by this test. This test is done by draw a sample of blood and its creatinine level is measured. Then urine samples collected for the 24-hour period and its creatinine levels are measured. The blood creatinine level will be high if kidneys are not functioning well. In the next lesson we will learn about urological clinical cour

This lesson is the continuation of the lesson 84. 10. Nephrosclerosis: This is an abnormal condition of thickening of arteriole walls of the kidney. 11. Wilm's tumor: Babyhood malignant tumor of the kidneys. Chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation are the treatments for this tumour. It should be treated before its spread otherwise cannot be cured. Bladder cancer: This cancer is common in industry worker and in tobacco users. The occurrence of this cancer is in general in men who are above 50 years old. The symptoms of bladder cancer are increased urinary frequency, dysuria, and hematuria. Biopsy of the urinary bladder and cystoscopy are the visual examinations of this cancer. Electrocauterization is the method to remove external tumors, but if the tumor is deep and then invasive methods such as cystectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the other options of treatment. Diabetes mellitus: This is condition happened outside the kidneys but related to kidneys. In diabet