Free Online Medical Transcription Course

CANCER TREATMENT USING CHEMOTHERAPY:  Using drugs to treat a cancer disease is called chemotherapy. Normally chemotherapy is used to treat countless kinds of cancers. Chemotherapy brings into being makes well of a large amount of patients who have testicular cancer, choriocarcinoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, or Hodgkin's disease etc. Chemotherapy possibly used unaccompanied with anyone or in mixture by way of surgical procedure with irradiation. Pharmacokinetics is an area of study of allocation and vanishing of drugs inside the body. Apparently it is the best method to build up drugs that take like of a hefty number of tumor cells without damaging the normal cells while action. For the reason that a few normal tissue cells, for example bone marrow and gastrointestinal lining cells have a fast dividing of their cells, they put up with extensive smash up on or after antitumor drug application inside the body. Scientists operational in pharmacokinetics area look at carefull

Tumors are classified on the basis of their location, microscopic appearance, and extent of spread. Of particular importance are the tumor's GRADE that is the degree of maturity or differentiation under the microscope and STAGE that is the extent of spread within the body. These two properties influence the prognosis that is the chances of successful treatment and survival and determine the specific treatment to be used. When grading a tumor, the pathologist is concerned with the microscopic appearance of the tumor cells, specifically with their degree of maturation or differentiation. Often, four grades are used. Grade I tumors are very well differentiated, so that they closely resemble the normal parent tissue of their origin. Grade IV tumors are so undifferentiated or anaplastic that even recognition of the tumor's tissue of origin may be difficult. Grade II and III are intermediate in appearance, moderately or poorly differentiated, as opposed to well differentiate

TYPES OF TUMORS AND THEIR ORIGINS:   1. Alveolar: Tumor cells outline prototypes bearing resemblance to tiny and microscopic pouches. They are normally brought into being in tumors of muscle, bone, fat, and cartilage. 2. Carcinoma in situ: This microscopic term of cancer refers to confined to a small area and tumor cells that have not marched into neighboring formations. Cervical cancer of possibly will start in on at the same time as carcinoma in situ. 3. Diffuse: Distribution in an even way all the way through the affected tissue. Malignant lymphomas may display diffuse attachment of lymph nodes. 4. Dysplastic: With reference to atypical development of cells. These tumors exhibit a exceedingly abnormal other than not obviously cancerous look. Dysplastic nevi such as moles of skin are the examples of this type. 5. Epidermoid: Similar to squamous epithelial cells. They are thin and plate-like. They are over and over again taking place in the respiratory tract.

1. Cystic: Creating huge open spaces filled with fluid. Mucinous tumors are packed with mucus for example as solid and muggy fluid and serous tumors are filled wit a lanky and dilute fluid similar to serum. The largest part widespread of site of cystic tumors is in ovaries. 2. Fungating: Tumors originate in the colon are of this category. Rapidly increasing pattern of growth wherein tumor cells stack one on another and project from a tissue outside. 3. Inflammatory: These growths of cancer typically take place in the breasts. Comprising the features of tenderness and swelling with redness, swelling, and heat. 4. Medullary: Mostly thyroid and breast tumors possibly of medullary type. These varieties of cancers are appropriate to large, pliable, thickset tumors. 5. Necrotic: Some type of tumor can outgrow its blood supply and undertake necrosis. Necrotic tumors contain full of dead tissues. 6. Polypoid: Together benign and malignant tumors of the colon may develop at the

In this post we will learn about Connective tissue Sarcomas from which they arise. NERVE TISSUE: Embryonic nerve tissue-Neuroblastoma Neurological tissue-Astrocytoma. MUSCLE: 1. Smooth visceral muscle: Leiomyosarcoma. 2. Striated visceral muscle: Rhabdomyosarcoma. FAT: Liposarcoma. CARTILAGE: Chondrosarcoma. FIBROUS TISSUE: Fibrosarcoma. BONE: Osteosarcoma or osteogenic sarcoma. BLOOD VESSEL TISSUES: Angiosarcoma. BLOOD-FORMING TISSUE: Leukocytes: Leukemia. Lymphocytes: 1. Hodgkin's disease. 2. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 3. Burkitt's lymphoma. Plasma Cells-Multiple myeloma. MIXED-TISSUES TUMORS: Kidney- Wilms' tumor or embryonal adenosarcoma. Ovaries and Testes-Teratoma. In the next post we will learn about Cancer Pathology Explanations. Okay. Come on. To go to the next lesson from here please click the link below http://learn-free-medical-transcription.blogspot.com/2009/09/lesson-105-cancer-pathology.html Home

CARCINOMA OF THE SKIN: 1. Squamous cell layer: Squamous cell carcinoma. 2. Basal cell layer: Basal cell carcinoma. 3. Melanocyte: Malignant melanoma. CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG: 1. Adenocarcinoma of the lung. 2. Small cell carcinoma. 3. Epidermoid carcinoma. CARCINOMAS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT: 1. Esophagus: Esophageal carcinoma. 2. Stomach: Gastric adenocarcinoma. 3. Liver: Hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoma. 4. Colon: Adenocarcinoma of the colon. CARCINOMAS OF THE GLANDULAR TISSUE: 1. Thyroid: Carcinoma of the thyroid. 2. Adrenal Glands: Carcinoma of the adrenals. 3. Pancreas: Carcinoma of the pancreas or pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 4. Breasts: Carcinoma of the breasts. 5. Prostate: Carcinoma of the prostate. CARCINOMA OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS: 1. Cystadenocarcinoma of the ovaries. 2. Adenocarcinoma of the uterus. 3. Squamous cell carcinoma or epidermoid carcinoma of the vagina or cervix. 4. Carcinoma of the penis. 5. Seminoma and embryonal cell

About half of all cancer deceases are caused by malignancies that instigated in lung, breast, or colon. On the other hand in all there are in excess of 100 divergent types of cancer, each having a exclusive set of symptoms and requiring a specific kind of therapy. It is likely to divide these specific varieties of cancer into three extensive groups of the basis of histogenesis that is by identifying the particular tissue (hist/o) from which the tumor cells arise (-genesis). These major groups are called carcinomas, sarcomas, and mixed tissue tumors. Carcinomas:   They are the major group are solid tumors that are resulting from epithelial tissue that lines external and internal body surfaces, including skin, glands, and digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs. Something like 90 percent of all malignant neoplasms are carcinomas. Benign tumors of epithelial source are more often than not designated by adding the suffix -oma to the type of tissue in which the tumor occur

In this post we will see about cancer formation due to Environmental and Heredity reasons.  Environmental Reasons for Cancer Formation:   Driving forces as of the surroundings for example chemicals and medicines, emission, and germs can source adjustments in DNA and as a result bring into being malignant cells. These ecological aspects outlining cancer are called carcinogens. Substance carcinogens:   Chemical Carcinogens are brought into being in a variety of goods and drugs comprise hydrocarbons such as automobile drains, cigarette, cigar, pipe smoke, insecticides, dyes, industrial chemicals, radiation insulation, and hormones. For example, the hormone diethylstilbestrol or DES creates a malignant tumor, carcinoma of the vagina in females. Radiation is a wave of energy. There are countless of sources for example sunbeams, x-rays, radioactive substances, muscular fission produce energy waves containing radiation. Whilst these resources act together with DNA it causes breaks